P21 Set 1: Federal 78-85: Judicial Branch __

1. FEDERALIST No. 78 – Judicial Review and Tenure
2. Topic: Judicial independence and power to strike down unconstitutional laws
3. Courts are the weakest branch, but they are essential to protect rights.
4. Judicial review ensures laws stay within constitutional bounds.
5. Lifetime appointments protect judges from political pressures.
6. __ I have read Federalist 78.
7. FEDERALIST No. 79 – Judicial Compensation and Impeachment.
8. Topic: Judicial independence balanced with accountability
9. Judicial salaries are protected from political retaliation.
10. Judges can still be removed for misconduct through impeachment.
11. __ I have read Federalist 79.
12. FEDERALIST No. 80 – Judicial Jurisdiction
13. Topic: Proper scope of federal judicial authority
14. Federal courts handle issues of national importance: treaties, interstate disputes, and cases involving our USA.
15. Uniformity in law preserves national peace and justice.
16. __ I have read Federalist 80.
17. FEDERALIST No. 81 – Supreme Court and Lower Courts
18. Topic: Distribution of federal judicial power
19. Federal courts do not eliminate state courts.
20. Supreme Court’s authority is necessary for a consistent rule of law.
21. __ I have read Federalist 81.
22. FEDERALIST No. 82 – State and Federal Court Relations
23. Topic: State and Federal Court Relations
24. State courts can hear many cases unless the Constitution gives exclusive authority to federal courts.
25. The systems complement each other to protect citizens’ rights.
26. __ I have read Federalist 82.
27. FEDERALIST No. 83 – Trial by Jury
28. Topic: Jury trials in civil cases and legislative flexibility
29. The Constitution protects the right to jury trials but leaves many details to Congress and states.
30. Flexibility is necessary for different types of cases and courts.
31. __ I have read Federalist 83.
32. FEDERALIST No. 84 – On the Lack of a Bill of Rights
33. Topic: The Constitution protects rights without needing a separate list
34. The Constitution protects the right to jury trials but leaves many details to Congress and states.
35. Flexibility is necessary for different types of cases and courts.
36. __ Much discussion followed after the Federalist Papers, which produced WTP’s Bill of Rights. While officially added two years later, the states agreed to it before they would ratify the Constitution.
37. __ It is essential to see the Bill of Rights as the center of WTP’s rights against our governments.
38. __ I have read Federalist 84.
39. FEDERALIST No. 85 – Conclusion and Ratification
40. Topic: Imperfect but essential—ratify now, amend later
41. The Constitution is not perfect, but it is the best possible under the circumstances.
42. Future amendments can correct any defects.
43. Rejecting it risks disunion and weakness.
44. Adoption secures Liberty, prosperity, and national strength.
45. __ If our representatives do not know why our government is designed as it is, they have no restraint on changing it with political factions or human whims in a democracy.
46. __ P4 Set 7: Megaphone Rights __ must end today.
47. __ I have read Federalist 85.